CML is a rare cancer of the white blood cells. It is a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the blood. With the average age of diagnosis of CML being around 60 in western countries, CML in children is considered an ultra-rare condition.

Read more about pediatric CML here.

The CML Advocates Network is both a virtual network and internet platform for patient organisations supporting patients and relatives affected by Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML). Launched in 2007 with 4 founding member groups, it has now grown to more than 128 leukaemia patient groups in more than 93 countries on all continents, offering support by sharing of best practice, information and advice for CML patient representatives.

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On the iCMLf Knowledge Centre - an interactive online resource developed by International CML experts from the iCMLf, there is a module on pediatric CML.

Chaired by Professor Meinolf Suttorp and Professor Nirmalya Roy Moulik, this module outlines a comprehensive review of the treatment of pediatric CML. You can acces the presentations here that cover all relevant aspects of pediatric CML:

1. Difference between adult and pediatric CML (Dr Deepam Pushpam, India)
2. Predisposition and genetic factors in pediatric CML (Professor Markus Metzler, Germany)
3. Management of pediatric CML in the resource-restrained setting (Dr Nirmalya Roy Moulik India)
4. Treatment recommendations for pediatric CML - Chronic phase (Professor Frédéric Millot, France)
5. Treatment recommendations in pediatric CML - Blast phase (Dr Stephanie Sembill, Germany)
6. Treatment-free remission in pediatric CML (Professor Nobuko Hijiya, USA)
7. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor toxicity in pediatric CML (Dr Maaike Luesink, The Netherlands)
8. Parenting in children with CML (Professor Meinolf Suttorp, Germany)
9. Impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on growth and endocrine function in children with CML
   (Professor Meinolf Suttorp, Germany)

Access additional modules on the iCMLf Knowledge Centre here.

Please see below for a selection of interesting articles on pediatric CML in peer-reviewed journals.
Latest publications include:

• Chronic myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents - Review
  Gotesman M et al. Adv Pediatr, August 2023
  
• Priapism at Diagnosis of Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Data Derived from a Large Cohort of Children and Teenagers and a Narrative Review on Priapism Management
  Suttorp M et al. J Clin Med, July 2023 - open access publication
• Effect of imatinib mesylate on growth in pediatric CML: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Gupta P et al. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, July 2023
• Current and emerging tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in young adults
  Mersin S et al. Expert Opin Pharmacother, July 2023 (epub ahead of print)
• The responsiveness of childhood/adolescent chronic myeloid leukemia patients of Pakistani origin to tyrosine kinase inhibitor
  Muhammad Shah SY et al. J Ayub Med Coll Abottabad, April - June 2023 - open access publication
• Pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia in myeloid blast crisis
  Dey B and Dutta A. Autpos Case Rep, April 2023 – open access publication
• Recent progress in the management of pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia
  Shima H & Shimada H. Int J Hematol, February 2023 – open access publication
• Impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors applied for first-line chronic myeloid leukemia treatment on platelet function in whole blood of healthy volunteers in vitro
  Eckart F et al. Hamostaseologie, January 2023 (epub ahead of print)
• Children with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with front-line imatinib have a slower molecular response and comparable survival compared with adults: a multicenter experience in Taiwan
  Liu HC et al. Br J Cancer, January 2023 (epub ahead of print)
• Relative bioavailability and food effect of asciminib pediatric mini-tablet formulation compared to the reference tablet formulation in healthy adult participants
  Hoch M et al. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev, January 2023 (epub ahead of print) – open access publication

Search here for more publications on pediatric CML

• Management of children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast phase: International pediatric CML expert panel recommendations – Review
  (Sembill S et al. Leukemia, January 2023) (epub ahead of print) – open access publication
• Management of chronic myeloid leukemia in childen and adolescents:
  Recommendations from the Children's Oncology Group CML Working Group
  (Athale U et al. Pediatr Blood Cancer, September 2019) - open access publication
• Managing children with CML: Pediatric CML guidelines IBFM
  (Fuente J et al. Br J Haematology, July 2014)

See here for more general guidelines on the management of CML

• Chronic myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents - Review
  (Gotesman M et al. Adv Pediatr, August 2023)
• Recent progress in the management of pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia – Review
  (Shima H and Shimada H. Int J Hematol, December 2022) (epub ahead of print)
• Chronic myeloid leukemia in children: immune function and vaccinations
  (Suttorp M et al. J Clin Med, September 2021) - open access publication
• Management of pediatric leukemia (in French)
  (Héritier S et al. Soins Pediatr Peuric, May-June 201)
• Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and beyond for chronic myeloid leukemia in children
  (Phillips LN and Hijiya N. Pediatr Drugs, May 2021)
• Chronic myelogenous leukemia in childhood
  (Smith SM et al. Curr Oncol Rep, March 2021)
• Definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and essential criteria for diagnosis of pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia
  Suttorp M et al. Cancers(Basel), February 2021 - open access publication
• Features and outcomes of chronic myeloid leukemia at very young age:
  Data from the International Pediatric Registry
  (Meral Günes A et al. Pediatr Blood Cancer, January 2021)
• Horn of plenty: Value of the International registry fore pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia
  (Suttorp M et al. World J Clin Oncol, June 2020) - open access publication
• How I treat chronic myeloid leukemia in children and adolescents
  (Hijiya N and Suttorp M. Blood, May 2019) - open access publication
• Chronic myeloid leukemia in children: clinical findings, management, and unanswered questions 
  (Hijiya N et al. Pediatr Clin North Am, February 2016)
• Chronic myeloid leukemia in children is a unique disease that requires a different approach 
  (Hijiya N et al. Blood, October 2015)

Our 'Clinical Case Discussion Forum' features a number of discussions on pediatric CML cases. If you are a physician treating pediatric CML patients, please join our forum and get in touch with other experts.

The latest postings on pediatric CML include:

• Non attainment of MMR in pediatric patients without TKD mutations - options?
  • Last post by Nobuko Hijiya
• Dual T315I mutation F359I mutation positive pediatric CML lymphoid blast crisis
  • Last post by Giuseppe Saglio
• 24 y female / CML-AP - 11 yr/3 TKI+ (T315I mut.) I treatment after ponatinb
  • Last post by Michael Deininger
• CML in younger patients in low socio-economic areas
  • Last post by Nasir Ahmad
• Challenging case - male 20 yrs old
  • Last post by Giuseppe Saglio
• Outcomes in children born to males on nilotinib
  • Last post by Jane Apperley
• 22 year old with no MMR after 3+ yrs on dasatinib
  • Last post by Timothy Hughes
• Ponatinib dose for pediatric patients
  • Last post by Nobuko Hijiya
• CML under 18 years old
  • Last post by Meinolf Suttorp
• 2nd transplant for 16 year old boy
  • last post by Timothy Hughes 

A number of clinical trials and research activities are currently ongoing to research pediatric CML.
Find more information here.